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The Byzantine Empire
in 1265 William R. Shepherd, c. 1911 |
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| In 1265, the empire was facing a decline in influence as it struggled against pressure from neighbouring states, including the Greek Empire of Trebizond, the Kingdom of Bulgaria, and the Kingdom of Serbia. The Mongol dominions, Venetian possessions, and Mamluk territories further fragmented the political landscape. This instability marked the decline of the Byzantine Empire's dominance in the region. |
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