North America, consisting of Northern America, Central America, and the Caribbean, spans approximately 24.7 million square kilometeres and is the third-largest continent by land area. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the Caribbean Sea to the southeast. The continent is characterised by diverse geography, including vast mountain ranges such as the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Madre, extensive plains such as the Great Plains and the Central Valley, and significant bodies of water like the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico. North America is home to a variety of ecosystems, from tundra in the north to tropical rainforests in the south, supporting a rich biodiversity of plant and animal species. The continent's population exceeds 580 million people, with diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds contributing to its diverse languages, traditions, and cuisines. Economically, North America is a powerhouse, boasting a combined GDP exceeding $25 trillion USD, driven by industries such as agriculture, manufacturing, technology, finance, and tourism.