Prince Arthur
1st Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
(1850–1942)

Other names: Arthur William Patrick Albert

Biographical

1st Duke of Connaught and Strathearn 1874
1st Earl of Sussex 1874
Albert Medal, gold 1931 (UK)
Grand Prior of the Order of St John of Jerusalem (UK)
Bailiff Grand Cross of the Order of St John of Jerusalem (UK)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire 1917 (UK)
Royal Victorian Chain 1902 (UK)
Great Master of the Order of the Bath 1901 (UK)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath 1898 (UK)
Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order 1896 (UK)
Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath 1890 (UK)
Knight Grand Commander of the Indian Empire 1887 (UK)
Egyptian Medal 1882 (UK)
Khedive's Bronze Star 1882 (UK)
Order of the Pour le Mérite 1882 (Prussia)
Knight of the Order of the Medjidie, 2nd class 1882 (Turkey)
Companion of the Order of the Bath (military) 1882 (UK)
Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer 1879 (Greece)
Knight Grand Commander Star of India 1877 (UK)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III 1876 (Spain)
Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle of Prussia 1872 (Prussia)
Khedive's Bronze Star (Egypt)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George 1870 (UK)
Knight  of the Order of the Thistle 1869 (Scotland)
Knight of the Order of St Patrick 1869 (Ireland)
Knight of the Order of the Garter 1867 (England)
Volunteer Officers' Decoration (UK)
Territorial Decoration (UK)
Governor General of Canada 1911–16
Commander-in-Chief of Canada 1911–16
High Commissioner in the Mediterranean 1907–09
Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean 1907–09
Inspector-General of the Forces 1904–07
President of the Selection Board 1904–07
Colonel, Grenadier Guards 1904
Field Marshal 1902
Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England 1901–39
General, commanding 3rd Army Corps 1901–04
General, commanding forces, Ireland 1900–04
Privy Councillor 1900 (Ireland)
Elder Brother of Trinity House 1898
Lieutenant General, Troops Aldershot 1893–98
Lieutenant General, Southern District 1890–93
Commander-in-Chief of the Army, Bombay 1886–90
Major General, Punjab 1886
Major General, Bengal 1883–85
Colonel, Scots Guards 1883–1904
Major General, Egyptian Expeditionary Force 1882
Major General, Aldershot 1880–82, 1883
Brevet Colonel 1880
Colonel-in-Chief, Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own) 1880
Lieutenant-Colonel 1st Battalion Rifle Brigade 1876
Personal aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria 1876, and to Kings Edward VII, George V, Edward VIII and George VI
Assistant adjutant general of Gibraltar 1875–76
Major, 7th Hussars 1875
Brigade Major, Cavalry Brigade, Aldershot 1875
Captain, 7th Hussars 1874
Brigade Major, 2nd Infantry Brigade, Aldershot 1873–74
Privy Councillor 1871 (England)
Lieutenant, Rifle Brigade 1869
Lieutenant, Royal Engineers 1868
Lieutenant, Royal Artillery 1868
High Steward of Wokingham
Ranger of Epping Forest
Colonel-in-Chief, Highland Light Infantry
Colonel-in-Chief, Royal Army Medical Corps
Colonel-in-Chief, Royal Army Service Corps
Honorary Colonel, 3rd Battalion Queen's Own (Royal West Kent Regiment)
Honorary Colonel, 3rd and 4th Battalions Highland Light Infantry
Honorary Colonel, 97th (Kent Yeomanry)
Honorary Colonel, Royal Field Artillery (Territorial Army)
Honorary Colonel 18th Battalion London Regiment (London Irish Rifles)
Honorary Colonel, Ceylon Army Service Corps
Colonel-in-Chief, 6th Duke of Connaught's Own Lancers
Colonel-in-Chief 13th Duke of Connaught's Own Bombay Lancers
Colonel-in-Chief, 7th Rajputs Regiment
Colonel-in-Chief, Indian Army Service Corps (India)
Honorary Colonel, Royal Canadian Regiment
Honorary Colonel, 3rd Regiment Victoria Rifles of Canada
Honorary Colonel, 6th Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own Rifles) (Canada)
Colonel-in-Chief, 6th Infantry (Durban Light Infantry) (South Africa)
Colonel-in-Chief 11th Infantry (Rand Light Infantry) (South Africa)
Colonel-in-Chief, New Zealand Rifle Brigade
Honorary Captain, Royal Newfoundland Regiment
General, Swedish Army
Honorary Lieutenant-Colonel, 9th Erapiles Battalion of Cazadores (Spain)

Prince Arthur, the favourite son of Queen Victoria, entered the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, in 1866 and went on to pursue a distinguished military career. He rose through the ranks and saw active service in Egypt in 1882 at Tel el Kebir before continuing his service in India. In later years Prince Arthur remained active in imperial affairs and wider public duties, including service in Canada, where his involvement in military matters proved controversial. Thereafter he undertook ceremonial duties before withdrawing from public life in 1928. He opened the first parliament of the Union of South Africa in 1910.

Place of birth: Buckingham Palace, London
Place of baptism: Buckingham Palace, London
Place of marriage: St George's Chapel, Windsor
Place of death: Bagshot Park, Surrey
Place of burial: Frogmore

Son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, he married Princess Louise of Prussia in 1879, and had issue.