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| Josef Kriehuber (1800–1876) | ||||||||||
| A painter, designer, and lithographer, Kriehuber was born in Vienna. He studied at the Vienna Academy from 1813 under Hubert Maurer, earning prizes as a young artist. After completing his studies, he worked as a drawing master at the court of Polish Prince Sangusko in Slavuta, Galicia, for three years, before returning to the Academy until 1825. Initially focused on animals and battle scenes, he later became known for his portraits in pencil, lithography, watercolours, and miniatures, which gained him popularity in Vienna due to their truthfulness and expressiveness. Over 7,000 works are attributed to him—4,000 lithographs, 2,000 watercolours, and 1,000 pencil sketches and miniatures—while his landscapes in oil, watercolours, and lithography were also well-received. He became court painter and Austria’s leading portraitist of the time, serving as a professor at the Academy. Despite his success, personal struggles led him to retreat into solitude and grow disillusioned with his work. In 1871, he exhibited 300 of his pieces, celebrated for their quality, though he often only painted the heads of his portraits, leaving the rest to colleagues, which sometimes resulted in poor proportions. Nearly every notable figure in Vienna between 1830 and 1870 was portrayed by him, and he died in the city. | ||||||||||
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Art