Family History

       


 






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Pakistani bride
Photograph by Victoria Heath, 2017
 

White henna designs on the hands, featuring mandala motifs, symbolise spiritual balance, unity, and fertility, which are central to many South Asian wedding rituals. Henna is believed to bring good fortune and enhance the marital bond, with darker stains traditionally signifying a stronger relationship. The red bangles represent fertility, marital happiness, and the woman’s transition into her new role.