In 19th-century Siam (modern-day Thailand), animals held both symbolic and practical importance, especially within royal and monastic contexts. Illustrated manuscripts from that era often featured various creatures, with cats occupying a particularly distinct place. Some breeds, especially the Siamese, were bred exclusively for the royal family. Others were linked to Buddhist temples, believed to act as protectors and treated with considerable reverence. It was commonly believed that specific types of cats could affect their owner’s fortune—bringing wealth, health, or success—while others were seen as harbingers of misfortune. The short notes accompanying illustrations in these manuscripts describe each cat’s physical features and the possible influence it might have on its keeper.

The caption for the first cat reads: ‘The crystal-like royal cat, of the highest noble qualities, brings merit and virtue, as well as fortune and prosperity.’ This refers to an auspicious cat—likely a Wichienmaat (early Siamese cat)—believed to bestow luck and elevate status. The caption for the second cat reads: ‘A completely black cat, pure and fortunate, with a black head and back, is auspicious and brings happiness.’ This describes a specific type of black cat considered lucky and protective. Both examples reflect a broader belief in the ability of certain cats to influence fortune, a notion prevalent in historical Siamese culture, particularly among monks and the aristocracy.