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The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta

Grand Masters · Prelates · Sovereign Council · Members

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta was founded in the early 12th century, during the Crusades, as a religious order with the primary mission of providing medical care to pilgrims in the Holy Land. Its origins trace back to a hospital established in Jerusalem around 1048 by merchants from Amalfi, Italy. During the First Crusade, the hospital's superior, Gerard (considered the first Grand Master of the Order), expanded the hospital's activities in Provençal and Italian cities, before being officially recognised as a monastic order by Pope Paschal II in 1113. It grew rapidly, both in wealth and power, and over the following centuries, the Order evolved into a military and chivalric organisation, taking up arms to defend Christian territories in the Holy Land. Following the fall of Jerusalem in 1291, the Order relocated to the island of Rhodes, where it established a powerful naval presence and continued its military and medical missions. In 1530, the Order moved to Malta, where it remained until 1798, when Napoleon’s forces ousted it from the island. After Malta, the Order became stateless but maintained its status as a sovereign entity, recognised under international law and possessing diplomatic relations with various states. In the modern era, the Order refocused its efforts on humanitarian and charitable work, providing medical care, disaster relief, and support for the needy through its global network of hospitals, clinics, and relief agencies. The current Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta claims a direct continuation from the Hospitallers, having been reconstituted by Pope Leo XIII in 1879, and continues its religious and philanthropic mission, with a presence in over 120 countries. This would make it the most important of all the military orders, both for the extent of its area and its duration. It is a Catholic lay religious order, with members comprising knights, dames, and chaplains, and is unique in its sovereignty, holding its own laws, currency, and diplomatic privileges, while continuing to advocate for human dignity, peace, and the alleviation of suffering. The Order has also been known as the Hospitallers of St John of Jerusalem (1113–1309), the Order of the Knights of Rhodes (1309–1522), the Sovereign and Military Order of the Knights of Malta (1530–1798), and the Knights Hospitaller of St John of Jerusalem (1834–1961). Its current name dates from 1961.





Grand Masters
Name
Tenure
Grand Masters
Grand Masters of the Order of St John
Title in regular use from 1489, but did appear occasionally in documents earlier.
►Order founded by Blessed Gerard 1099
1st 
Blessed Gerard
1099–1120†
••••
►Papal recognition 1113
2nd 
Raymond du Puy
1120–c58/60
••••
3rd 
Auger de Balben  
c1158/60–62/63
••••
4th 
Arnaud de Comps?
1162–63
••••
5th 
Gilbert de Aissailly  
1163–c69/70 abd
••••
6th 
Gastone de Murols
c1170–c72
••••
7th 
Joubert de Syrie
c1172–77
••••
8th 
Roger de Moulins  
1177–c87†
••••
Grand Commander: Borrell
1187–88
••••
9th  
Ermengard d’Aps (as Provisor of the Order)
1188–c90
••••
10th 
Garnier de Nablus  
1189/90–92
••••
11th 
Godefroy de Donjon
1192/93–1202
••••
12th 
Dom Alfonso of Portugal  
1202–06 dep; †1207
Avis (77)
►Hospital is established as a military order 1206
13th 
Geoffroy Le Rat
1206–07
••••
14th 
Garin de Montaigu  
1207– 27/28
••••
15th
Bertrand de Thessy  
1228–c31
••••
16th
Guerin LeBrun  
c1231–36
••••
17th 
Bertrand de Comps  
1236–39/40
••••
18th 
Pierre de Vieille-Brioude  
1239/40–42
••••
19th 
Guillaume de Chateauneuf  
1242–58
••••
Lieutenant: Jean de Ronay
1244–50
••••
20th
Hugues de Revel
1258–77
••••
21st 
Nicolas Lorgne
1277/78–84†?
••••
22nd 
Jean de Villiers 
c1285?–93/94
••••
►Muslim expulsion of the order from Jerusalem 1291
Relocation of the order to Limassol, Cyprus 1291
23rd 
Odon de Pins
1294–96
••••
24th 
Guillaume de Villaret
1296–1305
••••
25th 
Foulques de Villaret
1305
••••
►Re-establishment of the order at Rhodes 1309/10
Grand Masters of Knights of Rhodes
Langue
 
25th 
Foulques de Villaret (1)  
Provence
1305–17 dep
••••
Rebel knights elect Maurice de Pagnac as Grand Master; Papal intervention 1317
Vicar General: Gerard de Pins
Provence
1317
••••
25th 
Foulques de Villaret (2) Provence
1317–19 abd
••••
26th 
Helion de Villeneuve Provence
1319–46
••••
27th 
Dieudonne de Gozon   Provence
1346–53
••••
28th 
Pierre de Corneillan Provence
1353–55
••••
29th 
Roger de Pins Provence
1355–65
••••
30th 
Raymond Berenger Provence
1365–74
••••
31st 
Robert de Juilly Provence
1374–77
••••
32nd 
Juan Fernandez de Heredia Spain
1376–83
••••
33rd 
Riccardo Caracciolo (Rival – papal appointment Italy
1383–95†
••••
34th 
Philibert de Naillac Auvergne
1396–1421
••••
35th 
Antonio de Fluvia Aragon
1421–37
••••
36th 
Jean de Lastic Auvergne
1437–54
••••
37th 
Jacques de Milly Auvergne
1454–61
••••
38th 
Raimundo Zacosta Aragon
1461–67†
••••
39th 
Giovanni Battista Orsini Italy
1467–76
••••
40th 
Card Pierre d’Aubusson Auvergne
1476–1503
••••
41st 
Emery d’Amboise dit Chaumont France
1503–12
••••
42nd 
Guy de Blanchefort Auvergne
1512–13†
••••
43rd 
Fabrizio del Carretto Italy
1513–21
••••
44th 
Philippe de Villiers de l’Isle Adam France
1521
••••
►Ottoman siege of Rhodes, expulsion of the order 1522
►Re-establishment of the order in Malta 1529
Grand Masters of the Knights of Malta
44th 
Philippe de Villiers de l’Isle Adam France
1521–34
••••
45th 
Pietrino del Ponte Italy
1534–35
••••
46th 
Didier de Tholon Saint-Jalle Provence
1535–36†
••••
Lieutenant: Jacques Pelloquin, GP of Aquitaine
1536
••••
47th 
Jean de Homedes y Coscon Aragon
1536–53
••••
48th 
Claude de la Sengle France
1553–57
••••
49th 
Jean Parisot de la Vallette Provence
1557–68
••••
50th 
Pierre Ciocchi del Monte San Savino Italy
1568–72
Guidalotti (3865)
51st 
Jean l’Evesque de la Cassiere Auvergne
1572–81†
••••
52nd 
Card Hugues Loubenx de Verdalle Provence
1581–95†
••••
53rd 
Martin Garzes Aragon
1595–1601
••••
54th 
Alof de Wignacourt France
1601–22
••••
55th 
Luis Mendes de Vasconcellos Castile
1622–23
••••
56th 
Antoine de Paule Provence
1623–36
••••
57th 
Jean-Baptiste Lascaris de Castellar Provence
1636–57
••••
58th 
Martín de Redin y Cruzat Aragon
1657–60
••••
59th 
Annet de Clermont de Chattes Gessan Auvergne
1660
••••
60th 
Raphael Cotoner y de Oleza Aragon
1660–63
••••
61st 
Nicolas Cotoner y de Oleza Aragon
1663–80
••••
62nd 
Gregorio Carafa della Roccella Italy
1680–90
••••
63rd 
Adrien de Wignacourt France
1690–97
••••
64th 
Ramon Perellos y Rocafull Aragon
1697–1720
••••
65th 
Marcantonio Zondadari Italy
1720–22
••••
66th 
Antonio Manoel de Vilhena Castile
1722–36
••••
67th 
Ramon Despuig y Martinez de Marcilla Aragon
1736–41
••••
68th 
Manuel Pinto de Fonseca Castile
1741–73
••••
69th 
Francisco Ximenez de Texada Aragon
1773–75
••••
70th 
Emmanuel de Rohan de Polduc France
1775–97
••••
71st 
Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim Germany
1797–99 abd
••••
French siege of Malta, expulsion of the order 1798
Knights refuged in Russia, alliance established with the Tsar 1798
72nd 
Paul I, Emperor of Russia (de facto)
1799–1801 ret
Romanov (245)
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Nicholas Soltykoff
1801–03
••••
►Malta returned to the order through Treaty of Amiens 1802
73rd 
Giovanni Battista Tommasi
1803–05†
••••
►Interregnum: Lieutenants of the Grand Magistry 1805–79
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Innigo Maria Guevara Suardo
1805–14†
••••
►Order deprived of Malta through Treaty of Paris 1814
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Andre di Giovanni y Centelles
1814–21†
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Antonio Busca
1821–33†
••••
►Re-establishment of the order at Rome 1834
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Carlo Candida
1834–45†
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Filippo di Colloredo-Mels
1845–64†
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Alessandro Borgia
1864–72
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Johann Baptist Ceschi a Santa Croce
1872–79
••••
►Revival office of Grand Master by Pope Leo XIII 1879
74th 
Johann Baptist Ceschi a Santa Croce
1879–1905
••••
75th 
Galeas von Thun und Hohenstein
1905–31 ret
Thun (984)
Lieutenant of the Grand Master: Pio Franchi de' Cavalieri (for no. 75)
1929–31
••••
76th 
Ludovico Chigi Albani della Rovere
1931–51†
Chigi (2161)
Lieutenant of the Grand Magistry: Antoine Hercolani Fava Simonetti
1951–55 ret
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Master: Ernesto Paterno Castello di Carcaci
1955–62 ret
••••
77th 
Angelo de Mojana di Cologna
1962–88†
••••
Lt ad interim of the Grand Master: Jean Charles Pallavicini
1988 (Jan–Apr)
••••
78th 
Andrew Bertie
1988–2008
••••
Lt ad interim of the Grand Master: Giacomo Dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto
2008 (Feb–Mar)
••••
79th 
Matthew Festing
2008–17; †2021
••••
Lt ad interim of the Grand Master: Ludwig Hoffmann von Rumerstein
2017 (Jan–Apr)
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Master: Giacomo Dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto
2017–18
••••
80th 
Giacomo Dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto
2018–20
••••
Lt ad interim of the Grand Master: Ruy Goncalo do Valle Peixoto de Villas-Boas
2020 (Apr–Nov)
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Master: Marco Luzzago
2020–22†
••••
Lt ad interim of the Grand Master: Ruy Goncalo do Valle Peixoto de Villas-Boas
2022 (June)
••••
Lieutenant of the Grand Master: John T Dunlap
2022–; *1957
••••
Prelates of the Order
Prelates
Jean Lafitte
2015–; *1952
••••
Sovereign Council of the Order
Name
Tenure
Grand Commanders
Emmanuel Rousseau
2022–; *1969
••••
Grand Chancellors
Carlo Marullo di Condojanni, P of Casalnuovo
1997–2001; *1946
••••
C Jacques de Liedekerke
2002–05; †2022
••••
John Critien, Grand Prior of Rome (Grand Chancellor ad interim)
2016–17; *1949  
••••
Riccardo Paterno di Montecupo
2022–; *1945
••••
Grand Hospitallers
Alessandro de Franciscis
2022–; *1955
••••
Receivers of the Common Treasury
Fabrizio Colonna
2022–; *1961
••••
Four Councillors
Two Delegates
Members of the Order
Name
Tenure
Langue
Original Members
Fratres
Confratres and Donats
Members c. 1120
Priests (Capellani) (Papal Bull Christiane fidei of 1154 grants the Order formal right to have priests)
Knights of Justice (Milites)
Serving Brothers (Servientes)
Confratres and Donats
Members in 1206
Knights of Justice (Granted precedence over Chaplains c. 1236–39)
Chaplains
Serving Brothers
   a. Sergeants-at-arms
   b. Sergeants-at-service
Confratres and Donats
Members in 1270
Knights of Justice
Chaplains
Sergeants-at-arms
Sergeants-at-service
Magistral Knights
Knights of Grace
Confratres and Donats
Members in 1798
Professed
Knights of Justice
Conventional Chaplains
Chaplains in Obedience
Donats of Justice
Non-Professed
Knights and Dames of Honour
Knights of Magistral Grace
Donats
Honorary Chaplains
Members in 1878
Professed
Knights of Justice
Conventional Chaplains
Chaplains in Obedience
Magistral Chaplain in Obedience
Donats of Justice
Non-Professed
Bailiffs Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion
Knights of Honour and Devotion
Knights of Magistral Grace
Donats first and second class
Honorary Chaplains
Current Structure
First Class I: Knights of Justice/Professed Knights
Venerable Bailiffs Grand Cross of Justice Professed of Solemn Vows
Adolf Podstatzky-Lichtenstein
1841
 
••••
Giuseppe Ferretti
1839
 
••••
Guido Sommi Picenardi, GP of Lombardy-Venice
1800s
Lombardy-Venice
••••
John Critien, Grand Prior of Rome
2012–; 1949
 
••••
Knights Grand Cross of Justice Professed of Solemn Vows
Commanders of Justice Professed of Solemn Vows
Alessandro Attems-Heiligenkreuz
1833
 
••••
Antonio Kottulinsky
1838
 
••••
Ludovico Bergonzi
1841
Lombardy-Venice
••••
Guido Sommi Picenardi, GP of Lombardy-Venice
1873
Lombardy-Venice
••••
Flaminio Ghisalberti
1800s
 
••••
Knights of Justice Professed of Solemn Vows
John T Dunlap, Lt of the Grand Master
2008–; *1957
 
••••
Alessandro de Franciscis, Grand Hospitaller
2017; *1955
 
••••
Knights of Justice Professed of Simple Vows
L Anthony Bonaventure Fitz-James
†>1755
 
FitzJames (4059)
Knights admitted to the Novitiate
First Class II: Professed Conventual Chaplains
Conventual Chaplains Grand Cross Professed of Solemn Religious Vows
Conventual Chaplains Professed of Solemn Religious Vows
Conventual Chaplains Professed of Simple Religious Vows
Second Class I: Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion in Obedience
Bailiffs Grand Cross
Carlo Marullo di Condojanni, P of Casalnuovo, Gr Chancellor
*1946
 
••••
C Jacques de Liedekerke, Gr Chancellor
†2022
 
••••
Knights and Dames Grand Cross
Giovanni Arrivabene
1791
Lombardy-Venice
••••
Knights and Dames
Fabrizio Colonna, Rec of the Common Treasure
1985; *1961
 
••••
Amedeo de Franchis, Grand Prior of Rome
2006; *1939
 
••••
Second Class II: Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion in Obedience
Bailiffs Grand Cross
Knights and Dames Grand Cross
Knights and Dames
Second Class III: Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience
Bailiffs Grand Cross
Knights and Dames Grand Cross
Sir James Gobbo
1982; †2021
 
••••
Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace in Obedience
Thomas E. Weiford
2015
 
••••
Third Class I: Knights and Dames of Honour and Devotion
Bailiffs Grand Cross, with Profession Cross ad honorem
Bailiffs Grand Cross
Umberto of Savoy, C of Salemi
†1918
Savoy (254)
Tommaso of Savoy, 2nd D di Genova
†1931
Savoy (254)
Amedeo of Aosta, 3rd D of Aosta
†1942
Savoy (254)
Vittorio Emanuele of Savoy, C of Torino
†1946
Savoy (254)
Aimone of Aosta, 4th D of Aosta
†1948
Savoy (254)
Ferdinando of Savoy, 3rd D di Genova
†1963
Savoy (254)
Amedeo of Aosta, 5th D of Aosta
†2021
Savoy (254)
Umberto II, K of Italy
†1983
Savoy (254)
Vittorio Emanuele of Italy, P of Naples
*1937  
Savoy (254)
Sir Richard de Hoghton, 14th Bart
1980; *1945
Hoghton (1327)
Card Mario Grech
2020
 
••••
Knights and Dames Grand Cross
†1643
Savoy (254)
Gabriel of Savoy, M of Rive
†1695
Savoy (254)
Pss Maria Pia of Sardinia
†1855

Savoy (254)

Pss Maria Francesca of Italy
†2001

Savoy (254)

Pss Maria Luisa of Bulgaria
2023; *1933
 

Saxe-Coburg (724.5)

Knights of Honours and Devotion owner of Commandery of Family Patronage
Knights and Dames
Bernard Abauzit
1177
••••
Raymond Abbat
1280
••••
1347
Sanudo (808)
1347
Sanudo (808)
Guillaume de Ratier
1380
••••
1516–21 res; †1552
Savoy of Achaia (254.1)
Jacques de Forest
1527
••••
Francois d'Abzac
1549
••••
Francois d'Abzac la Douze
1555
••••
Melchior d'Abeille
1557
••••
Gabriel d'Abzac la Douze
1560
••••
1500s
Fonseca (2571)
Pierre d'Abon Reynier
1566
••••
Lodovico of Savoy, L of Racconigi
1570
 
Savoy of Achaia (254.1)
Andrew Wyse
1582; †1631
Wyse (3425a)
Filippo of Savoy
1592; †1599
Savoy (254)
Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, P of Oneglia
1600; †1624
Savoy (254)
Jeane de Pontevez-Castellar
1631
••••
Jean de Ligardes
1633
••••
Francois d'Abancourt de Courelles
1662
••••
Gabriel d'Abos de Thimericourt
1663
••••
Louis d'Abos de Thimericourt
1667
••••
Philippe of Savoy
1674; †1693
Savoy (254)
Henri d'Abadie d'Arbocave
1703
••••
N de l'Abattie
1708
••••
†1714
Gramont (1980)
L Anthony Bonaventure Fitz-James
1755
FitzJames (4059)
†1775
Tomasi (504)
†1792
Tomasi (504)
Jean- d'Abeille
1795
••••
Amedeo Filiberto di Savoia
1800; †1807
Savoy (254)
Mikhail Borozdin
†1837
••••
Joaquín González de Gregorio
†1841
González de Gregorio (5460)
Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, 2nd D of Aosta
†1931
Savoy (254)
Pss Mafalda of Italy
†1944

Savoy (254)

Leoncio González de Gregorio
†1978
González de Gregorio (5460)
†1982
Savoy (254)
Pss Iolanda of Italy
†1986

Savoy (254)

†1996
Savoy (254)
†2022
Savoy (254)
*1947
Savoy (254)
Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy, P of Venice
*1972
Savoy (254)
Aimone of Aosta, 6th D of Aosta
*1967
 
Savoy (254)
Bailiffs Grand Cross of Honour and Devotion for Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
Third Class II: Conventual Chaplains ad honorem
Conventual Chaplains Grand Cross ad honorem
Conventual Chaplains ad honorem
Gregory Polan, Abbot Primate
2009
 
••••
Third Class III: Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion
Knights Grand Cross, with Sash
Knights and Dames Grand Cross
Jonathan Riley-Smith
†2016
 
••••
Knights and Dames of Grace and Devotion
Third Class IV: Magistral Chaplains
Antoine Borg
2020
 
••••
Stefan Attard
2020
 
••••
Nicholas Captur
2023
 
••••
Christopher Gauci
2023
 
••••
Daniel B. Camilleri
2023
 
••••
Third Class V: Knights and Dames of Magistral Grace
Knights Grand Cross, with Sash
Sir James Gobbo
2017; †2021
 
••••
Knights and Dames Grand Cross
John Baptist Pace
2023
 
••••
Knights and Dames
Paolo Garavaglia de Soresina
1800s
Lombardy-Venice
••••
Sir James Gobbo
1974; †2021
 
••••
Thomas C. Gaspard
1991
 
••••
Greg Granitto
2001
 
••••
Thomas E. Weiford
2003
 
••••
Joseph D'Amato
2020
 
••••
Noel Busuttil Naudi
2020
 
••••
Victoire Borg Manche
2020
 
••••
Third Class VI: Donats of Devotion
Alexander Felice
2020
 
••••
Paula Julia Pace
2020
 
••••
Roberta Vassallo Cesare
2020
 
••••
Simon Peter Manduca
2023
 
••••
Order of merit of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (Order pro Merito Melitensi)
Established 1920
Name
Tenure
Collar
Civilian Class
Collar pro Merito Melitensi
Military Class
Collar with Swords pro Merito Melitensi
Cross
Civilian Class
Grand Cross pro Merito Melitensi - Special Class
Grand Cross pro Merito Melitensi
Ronald Reagan, Pres. of the USA
1981; †2004
••••
Sir James Gobbo
2012; †2021
••••
Vivian Pellas
2010; *1954
••••
Grand Officer pro Merito Melitensi
Commander pro Merito Melitensi
Greg Granitto
2015
••••
Roberto Buontempo
2020
••••
Officer Cross pro Merito Melitensi
Cross pro Merito Melitensi
Thomas C. Gaspard
2015
••••
Thomas E. Weiford
2015
••••
Civilian Class, for Women
Grand Cross pro Merito Melitensi - Special Class
Grand Cross pro Merito Melitensi
Cross pro Merito Melitensi with Plaque
Cross pro Merito Melitensi with Crown
Cross pro Merito Melitensi with Shield
Cross pro Merito Melitensi
Military Class
Grand Cross with Swords pro Merito Melitensi – Special Class
Grand Cross with Swords pro Merito Melitensi
Grand Officer with Swords pro Merito Melitensi
Commander with Swords pro Merito Melitensi
Officer with Swords pro Merito Melitensi
Cross with Swords pro Merito Melitensi
Ecclesiastical Class
Grand Cross pro piis meritis pro Merito Melitensi
Cross pro piis meritis pro Merito Melitensi
Medals
Single class 1920
Gold Medal
Silver Medal
Bronze Medal
Civilian Class
Gold Medal
Silver Medal
Bronze Medal
Military Class
Gold Medal with Swords
Silver Medal with Swords
Bronze Medal with Swords
Medal of Merit for the Pilgrimage to Lourdes
Nicky Azzopardi
2023
••••
Campaign Medal (Established 2020, for Covid19 emergency)
Medal for the Ukraine Emergency (Established 2022)

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