| |
Drug
Withdrawal Symptoms
|
Symptom |
Alcohol |
Amphetamine |
Caffeine |
Cannabis |
Cocaine |
Hallucinogens |
Nicotine |
Opioids |
Anxiety |
● |
|
● |
|
● |
|
● |
|
Appetite increase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
● |
|
Concentration difficulty |
|
|
|
|
|
|
● |
|
|
Convulsions |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Craving |
|
|
|
|
|
|
● |
● |
Delirium |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depression |
● |
|
|
|
● |
|
|
|
Diarrhoea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
● |
|
Gastrointestinal |
|
|
● |
|
|
|
|
|
Hallucinations |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Headache |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hyperactivity, restlessness |
● |
● |
● |
|
● |
|
● |
|
Insomnia |
● |
● |
● |
|
|
|
|
● |
Irritability |
● |
● |
|
|
● |
|
● |
|
|
Malaise, fatigue |
● |
● |
|
|
● |
|
|
|
|
Nausea,
vomiting |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
● |
|
Sweating,
fever |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
● |
|
Tremor |
● |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Sources
Carson-DeWitt, R., ed. Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol &
Addictive Behavior, 2nd edn, Vol. 2. New York: Macmillan
Reference USA, 2001. |
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