Species |
Common
name |
|
Fourteen
Chromosomes |
Triticum
aegilopoides |
Wild einkorn |
|
T.
monococcum |
Einkorn |
|
Twenty-Eight
Chromosomes |
Tritcum
dicoccoides |
Wild
emmer |
|
T.
dicoccum |
Emmer |
|
T.
durum |
Macaroni
wheat |
First
appeared 1st century BC, Greco-Roman period |
T.
persicum |
Persian
wheat |
Of
no great commercial importance today |
T.
turgidum |
Rivet
wheat |
Of
no great commercial importance today |
T.
polonicum |
Polish
wheat |
Of
no great commercial importance today |
T.
timopheevi |
[none] |
Grown
sparsely in western Georgia (ex-USSR) |
Forty-two
Chromosomes |
Triticum
aestivum |
Common
wheat |
One
of the three true bread wheat which account for 90% of all wheat
being grown today. |
T.
sphaerococcum |
Shot
wheat |
One
of the three true bread wheat which account for 90% of all wheat
being grown today. |
T.
compactum |
Club
wheat |
One
of the three true bread wheat which account for 90% of all wheat
being grown today. |
T.
spelta |
Spelt |
Grown
sparsely in western Georgia (ex-USSR), it was once the principal
wheat grown in central Europe. |
T.
macha |
Macha
wheat |
Grown
sparsely in western Georgia (ex-USSR) |
 |
Notes
Today's thousands of wheat varieties are all from crosses in the
fourteen species shown in this table.
Sources
Solomon, H. K. and W. W. Woys. Encyclopedia of Food
and Culture, vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons,
2003. |