THE UNIVERSAL COMPENDIUM






Introduced and Extinct Mammals of Britain
Over the Past 15,000 Years

Name
Species
Date*
Reason
Introduced
?Dog
Canis 'familiaris'
9000 Bef
Companionship
Sheep
Ovis 'aries'
5400 Bef
Food
Goat
Capra 'hircus'
5400 Bef
Food
?Ox
Bos 'taurus'
5400 Bef
Food
?Pig
Sus scrofa
5400 Bef
Food
Orkney vole
Microtus arvalis
5400 Bef
Accident
Horse
Equus 'caballus'
4000 Bef
Transport
?Harvest mouse
Micromys minutus
4000 Bef?
Accident
Scilly shrew
Crocidura suaveolens
4000 Bef?
Accident
House mouse
Mus domesticus
3500 Bef
Accident
Cat
Felis 'catus'
2500 Bef
Pest control/pet
?Brown hare
Lepus europaeus
2500 Bef?
Food or cult
Black rat
Rattus rattus
200 AD
Accident
Fallow deer
Dama dama
1100 AD
Food
Rabbit
Oryctolagus cuniculus
1150 AD
Food
Brown rat
Rattus norvegicus
1728 AD
Accident
Sika
Cervus nippon
1860 AD
Amenity
Grey squirrel
Sciurus carolinensis
1876 AD
Amenity
Edible dormouse
Glis glis
1902 AD
Amenity
Chinese muntjac
Muntiacus reevesi
1922 AD
Amenity
Muskrat
Ondatra zibethica
1927 AD
Fur
Red-necked wallaby
Macropus rufogriseus
1940 AD
Amenity
Coypu
Myocastor coypus
1944 AD
Fur
Chinese water deer
Hydropotes inermis
1945 AD
Amenity
American mink
Mustela vison
1958 AD
Fur
Extinct
Mammoth
Mammuthus primigenius
12,500 Bef
Climate
Saiga antelope
Saiga tatarica
12,400 Bef
Climate
Arctic fox
Alopex lagopus
12,400 Bef
Climate
Lemming
Lemmus lemmus
10,500 Bef
Climate
Arctic lemming
Dicrostonyx torquatus
10,500 Bef
Climate
Narrow-headed vole
Microtus gregalis
10,500 Bef
Climate
Pika
Ochotona pusilla
10,000 Bef
Climate
Wild horse
Equus ferus
9330 Bef
Climate
Giant elk
Megaloceros giganteus
9225 Bef
Climate
Reindeer
Rangifer tarandus
8300 Bef
Climate
Wolverine
Gulo gulo
8000 Bef
Hunting
Northern vole
Microtus oeconomus
3500 Bef
Climate
Elk
Alces alces
3400 Bef
Hunting
Aurochs
Bos primigenius
3250 Bef
Hunting
Lynx
Lynx lynx
200 AD
Hunting
Brown bear
Ursus arctos
500 AD
Hunting
Beaver
Castor fiber
1300 AD
Hunting
Wild boar
Sus scrofa
1500 AD
Hunting
Wolf
Canis lupus
1700 AD
Hunting


Notes

*Bef = before 2008. AD dates are the time of escape or establishment rather than dates of importation.

Sources

Gillespie, R. G. and D. A. Clague, eds. Encyclopedia of Islands. Berkeley, etc.: University of California Press, 2009.

 



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