THE
UNIVERSAL COMPENDIUM
Introduced
and Extinct Mammals of Britain
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Name |
Species |
Date* |
Reason |
| Introduced |
|||
|
?Dog |
Canis
'familiaris' |
9000 Bef |
Companionship |
|
Sheep |
Ovis 'aries' |
5400 Bef |
Food |
|
Goat |
Capra 'hircus' |
5400 Bef |
Food |
|
?Ox |
Bos 'taurus' |
5400 Bef |
Food |
|
?Pig |
Sus scrofa |
5400 Bef |
Food |
| Orkney vole |
Microtus
arvalis |
5400 Bef |
Accident |
| Horse |
Equus
'caballus' |
4000 Bef |
Transport |
|
?Harvest mouse |
Micromys minutus |
4000 Bef? |
Accident |
|
Scilly shrew |
Crocidura suaveolens |
4000
Bef? |
Accident |
|
House mouse |
Mus domesticus |
3500 Bef |
Accident |
Cat |
Felis 'catus' |
2500 Bef |
Pest control/pet |
?Brown hare |
Lepus europaeus |
2500 Bef? |
Food or cult |
Black rat |
Rattus rattus |
200 AD |
Accident |
| Fallow deer |
Dama
dama |
1100
AD |
Food |
| Rabbit |
Oryctolagus
cuniculus |
1150 AD |
Food |
| Brown rat |
Rattus norvegicus |
1728
AD |
Accident |
| Sika |
Cervus
nippon |
1860
AD |
Amenity |
| Grey squirrel |
Sciurus
carolinensis |
1876
AD |
Amenity |
| Edible dormouse |
Glis glis |
1902
AD |
Amenity |
| Chinese muntjac |
Muntiacus reevesi |
1922 AD |
Amenity |
| Muskrat |
Ondatra
zibethica |
1927
AD |
Fur |
| Red-necked wallaby |
Macropus rufogriseus |
1940 AD |
Amenity |
| Coypu |
Myocastor
coypus |
1944
AD |
Fur |
| Chinese water deer |
Hydropotes
inermis |
1945 AD |
Amenity |
| American mink |
Mustela
vison |
1958
AD |
Fur |
| Extinct |
|||
| Mammoth |
Mammuthus
primigenius |
12,500 Bef |
Climate |
| Saiga antelope |
Saiga
tatarica |
12,400 Bef |
Climate |
| Arctic fox |
Alopex
lagopus |
12,400 Bef |
Climate |
| Lemming |
Lemmus
lemmus |
10,500 Bef |
Climate |
| Arctic lemming |
Dicrostonyx
torquatus |
10,500 Bef |
Climate |
| Narrow-headed vole |
Microtus
gregalis |
10,500 Bef |
Climate |
| Pika |
Ochotona
pusilla |
10,000 Bef |
Climate |
| Wild horse |
Equus
ferus |
9330 Bef |
Climate |
| Giant elk |
Megaloceros
giganteus |
9225 Bef |
Climate |
| Reindeer |
Rangifer
tarandus |
8300 Bef |
Climate |
| Wolverine |
Gulo
gulo |
8000 Bef |
Hunting |
| Northern vole |
Microtus
oeconomus |
3500 Bef |
Climate |
| Elk |
Alces
alces |
3400 Bef |
Hunting |
| Aurochs |
Bos
primigenius |
3250 Bef |
Hunting |
| Lynx |
Lynx
lynx |
200
AD |
Hunting |
| Brown bear |
Ursus
arctos |
500
AD |
Hunting |
| Beaver |
Castor
fiber |
1300
AD |
Hunting |
| Wild boar |
Sus
scrofa |
1500
AD |
Hunting |
| Wolf |
Canis
lupus |
1700
AD |
Hunting |
 |
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Notes *Bef = before 2008. AD dates are the time of escape or establishment rather than dates of importation. Sources Gillespie, R. G. and D. A. Clague, eds. Encyclopedia of Islands. Berkeley, etc.: University of California Press, 2009.
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