| |
Features
of Island Systems
|
Island System |
Total
Islands |
Size
(km˛) |
Mainland
Distance
(km) |
Age
(mill. yrs) |
Elevation
(m) |
*Vegetation
Hetero-
geneity |
Total
Endemic
Species |
Anagenetic
Speciation
(%) |
Cladogenetic
Speciation
(%) |
|
Hawaii (USA) |
8 |
16,885 |
3,660 |
5
|
4,250
|
6 |
828 |
7 |
93 |
|
Canary (Spain) |
7 |
7,601 |
100 |
21 |
3,710 |
6 |
429 |
16 |
84 |
|
Tristan da Cunha (UK) |
4 |
208 |
2,580 |
18 |
2,060 |
3 |
27 |
33 |
67 |
|
Juan Fernandez (Chile) |
3 |
100 |
600 |
4 |
1,319 |
5 |
97 |
36 |
64 |
|
Cape Verde |
12 |
4,033 |
570 |
23 |
2,829 |
2 |
68 |
37 |
63 |
|
Galapagos
(Ecuador) |
16 |
7,847 |
930
|
5 |
1,707 |
4 |
133 |
43 |
57 |
|
Madeira
(Portugal) |
3 |
792 |
630 |
14 |
1,862 |
3 |
96 |
48 |
52 |
|
Ogasawara (Japan) |
12 |
99 |
800 |
Tertiary |
916 |
3 |
118 |
53 |
47 |
|
St Helena (UK) |
1 |
123 |
1,850 |
15 |
826 |
2 |
36 |
53 |
47 |
|
Ullung (South Korea) |
1 |
73 |
130 |
2 |
984 |
2 |
33 |
88 |
6 |
|
Taiwan (China) |
1 |
35,800 |
130 |
5 |
3,950 |
3 |
724 |
29 |
71 |
|
Chatham (NZ) |
1 |
963 |
300 |
80 |
294 |
1 |
37 |
62 |
38 |
|
Falkland (UK) |
2 |
8,500 |
410 |
Tertiary |
705 |
2 |
14 |
71 |
29 |
 |
Notes
*Vegetation zones
Sources
Gillespie, R. G. and D. A. Clague, eds. Encyclopedia
of Islands. Berkeley, etc.: University of California Press,
2009. |
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