| |
Largest
Explosive Eruptions on Earth
|
Magnitude
|
Caldera Name |
Deposit Name |
Location |
Caldera
Diameter (Km) |
Volume
(Km ) |
Age
(million years) |
9.1 |
La
Garita |
Fish Canyon Tuff |
Colorado, USA |
100x35 |
5,000
|
27.8 |
|
8.8 |
Toba |
Younger Toba Tuff |
Indonesia |
100x30 |
2,800 |
0.074 |
|
8.8 |
unknown |
Lund Tuff |
Utah, USA |
N/A |
2,600 |
29 |
|
8.7 |
Yellowstone |
Huckleberry Ridge Tuff |
Wyoming, USA |
100x50 |
2,500
|
2.1 |
|
8.6 |
La Pacana |
Atana Ignimbrite |
Chile |
60x35 |
1,600 |
4 |
|
8.6 |
unknown |
Millbrig-Big
Bentonite |
Southeast
USA |
N/A |
1,509 |
454 |
8.6 |
unknown |
Green
Tuff + SAM |
Ethiopia |
N/A |
3,000 |
28-31 |
|
8.5 |
Blacktail |
Blacktail Creek Tuff |
Snake River Plain, Idaho, USA |
100x60 |
1,500 |
6.6 |
|
8.5 |
Emory |
Kneeling Nun Tuff |
New Mexico, USA |
25x55 |
1,310 |
33 |
|
8.5 |
Bachelor |
Carpenter Ridge Tuff |
Colorado, USA |
20x28 |
1,200 |
27.5 |
8.5 |
Timber Mountain |
Timber Mountain Tuff- Rainier Mesa Member |
Nevada, USA |
25x30 |
1,200 |
11.6 |
8.5 |
Paintbrush |
Paintbrush Tuff-Topopah Spring Member |
Nevada, USA |
20 |
1,200 |
13.4 |
8.5 |
Bursum |
Apache Springs Tuff |
New Mexico, USA |
30x40 |
1,200 |
28-29 |
|
8.4 |
Cerro Galan |
Cerro Galan Ignimbrite |
Argentina |
32 |
1,050 |
2.2 |
8.4 |
unknown |
Kinnekulle Bentonite |
Southeast USA |
N/A |
972 |
454 |
8.4 |
Bursum |
Bloodgood Canyon Tuff |
New Mexico, USA |
30x40 |
1,050 |
28-29 |
8.4 |
unknown |
Deicke Bentonite |
Unknown |
N/A |
943 |
454 |
8.4 |
Uncompahgre |
Dillon/Sapinero
Mesa |
Colorado, USA |
20x23 |
1,000 |
28.5 |
|
8.4 |
San Juan |
Sapinero Mesa Tuff |
Colorado, USA |
22x24 |
1,000 |
28.5 |
8.4 |
Paintbrush |
Paintbrush Tuff-Tiva Canyon Member |
Nevada, USA |
20 |
1,000 |
12.9 |
8.4 |
Chinati |
Mitchel Mesa Rhyolite |
Texas, USA |
20x30 |
1,000 |
32-33 |
8.3 |
Yellowstone |
Lava Creek Tuff |
Wyoming, USA |
85x45 |
1,000 |
0.64 |
|
8.3 |
Timber Mountain |
Timber Mountain Tuff-
Ammonia Tanks Member |
Nevada, USA |
25x30 |
900 |
11.4 |
8.3 |
Porsea |
Oldest
Toba Tuff |
Indonesia |
100x30 |
820 |
0.79 |
8.3 |
Kilgore |
Kilgore
Tuff |
Snake River Plain, Idaho, USA |
60x80 |
800 |
4.3 |
8.2 |
Cerro
Panizos |
Panizos
Ignimbrite |
Argentina/Bolivia |
18 |
652 |
6.1 |
8.2 |
unknown |
Barrel
Springs Formation |
Texas,
USA |
N/A |
675 |
36 |
8.2 |
unknown |
Wild
Cherry Formation |
Texas,
USA |
N/A |
675 |
36 |
8.2 |
Pastos
Grandes |
Sifon
Ignimbrite |
Bolivia |
40x50 |
1,200 |
8.3 |
8.1 |
unknown |
Huaylillas
Ignimbrite |
Bolivia |
10 |
1,100 |
5 |
8.1 |
Platoro
|
La
Jara Canyon Member |
Colorado,
USA |
18x22 |
592 |
30 |
8.1 |
Taupo |
Oruanui |
New
Zealand |
35x25 |
1,170 |
0.0265 |
8.1 |
San
Luis |
Nelson
Mountain Tuff |
Colorado,
USA |
18 |
562 |
27 |
8.1 |
Cerro
Galan |
Real
Grande and Cueva Negra |
Argentina |
32 |
510 |
4.2 |
8.1 |
Turkey
Creek |
Rhyolite Canyon Formation |
Arizona, USA |
21 |
500 |
25 |
8.1 |
Tucson
Mountain |
Cat
Mountain Rhyolite |
Arizona,
USA |
25 |
500 |
73 |
8.1 |
Long
Valley |
Bishop
Tuff |
California,
USA |
20x35
|
500 |
0.7 |
8.1 |
Minarets |
unnamed |
California,
USA |
N/A |
500 |
100 |
8.1 |
Creede |
Snowshoe
Mountain Tuff |
Colorado,
USA |
24 |
500 |
27 |
8.1 |
Mount
Hope |
Masonic
Park Tuff |
Colorado,
USA |
15 |
500 |
29 |
8.1 |
Ute
Creek |
Ute
Ridge Tuff |
Colorado,
USA |
8 |
500 |
29 |
8.1 |
Twin
Peaks |
Challis
Creek Tuff |
Idaho,
USA |
20 |
500 |
45 |
8.1 |
Cowboy
Rim |
Gillespie
Tuff |
New
Mexico, USA |
18x26
|
500 |
33 |
8.1 |
Juniper |
Oak
Creek Tuff |
New
Mexico, USA |
25 |
500 |
35 |
8.1 |
Organ |
Cueva
Soledad Rhyolite |
New
Mexico, USA |
16 |
500 |
32 |
8.1 |
Socorro |
Hells
Mesa Rhyolite |
New
Mexico, USA |
25x35
|
500 |
33 |
8.1 |
Blue
Creek |
Blue
Creek Tuff |
Snake River Plain, Idaho, USA |
30x55 |
500 |
5.6 |
 |
|
Sources
Breining, G. Super Volcano: The Ticking Time
Bomb Beneath Yellowstone National Park. St. Paul, Minn.:
Voyageur Press, 2007.
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