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Constantino Escalante (1836–1868) Escalante was a Mexican political
and historical lithographer, illustrator and caricaturist, and also
a journalist, during the reform period. He was one of the finest lithographers
of this period, and he established lithographic caricature as a field
of its own. He published over five hundred satirical lithographs for
the liberal journal La Orquesta, which he co-founded, between
1861 and 1868. Many of his caricatures depict notable and powerful figures
of Mexico during the country's periods of development and struggles
to build a modern, independent nation. Along with Honoré Daumier and
Francisco Goya, he sought to expose the duplicity of the ruling class,
the ideals of the emerging middle class, and the efforts towards reforms
and national transformation. He was often referred to as the Daumier
of Mexico. Due to censorship and repression under the Regency of Mexico,
he was arrested. During the Emperor Maximilian's reign, he signed his
caricatures under an alias to avoid reprisals. Escalante died from injuries
sustained after a railroad accident in Tlalpan. |
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