THE UNIVERSAL COMPENDIUM






Features of Island Systems

Island System
Total
Islands
Size
(km
˛)
Mainland
Distance
(km)
Age
(mill. yrs)
Elevation
(m)
*Vegetation
Hetero-
geneity
Total
Endemic
Species
Anagenetic
Speciation
(%)
Cladogenetic
Speciation
(%)
Hawaii (USA)
8
16,885
3,660
5
4,250
6
828
7
93
Canary (Spain)
7
7,601
100
21
3,710
6
429
16
84
Tristan da Cunha (UK)
4
208
2,580
18
2,060
3
27
33
67
Juan Fernandez (Chile)
3
100
600
4
1,319
5
97
36
64
Cape Verde
12
4,033
570
23
2,829
2
68
37
63
Galapagos (Ecuador)
16
7,847
930
5
1,707
4
133
43
57
Madeira (Portugal)
3
792
630
14
1,862
3
96
48
52
Ogasawara (Japan)
12
99
800
Tertiary
916
3
118
53
47
St Helena (UK)
1
123
1,850
15
826
2
36
53
47
Ullung (South Korea)
1
73
130
2
984
2
33
88
6
Taiwan (China)
1
35,800
130
5
3,950
3
724
29
71
Chatham (NZ)
1
963
300
80
294
1
37
62
38
Falkland (UK)
2
8,500
410
Tertiary
705
2
14
71
29


Notes

*Vegetation zones

Sources

Gillespie, R. G. and D. A. Clague, eds. Encyclopedia of Islands. Berkeley, etc.: University of California Press, 2009.

 



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