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Martin Johnson Heade (1819–1904)
Heade was an American luminist painter of landscapes, seascapes, flowers,
nature studies, and still lifes, and was also a botanist. He was born
in Lumberville, Pennsylvania, and studied under Thomas Hicks, and for
a number of years, studied in Italy, England, and France. At the beginning
of his career, his works were mostly portraits, but after moving to
New York in the 1850s, he began to paint landscapes and dramatic coastal
views. He travelled extensively throughout North and South America,
notably to Brazil and Jamaica, where he produced his remarkable painting
series of hummingbirds and orchids. In 1883, he moved to Florida, where
he remained for the rest of his life, devoting himself to botanical
painting in a more scientific manner. Due to his travels and abandoning
of New York, he was largely forgotten after his death, until his works
were rediscovered in the 1940s. Heade was one of the most original and
prolific painters of his time.
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